In this part we try to activate TPM on VMware, but before that we ask, what is TPM? That’s meanTrusted Platform Module, it is an international standard for secure encryption processors. The function of this microcontroller is to protect the hardware by integrating cryptographic keys. These chips are either integrated into the PC motherboard or added to the CPU.
Its revised version, version 1.2, was released on March 3, 2011, and the latest version is version 2.0
This technology is used to measure system integrity and generate keys. When booting a system, the load boot code records in this chip. It can also be used to reduce phishing attacks because it prevents the key from copying and use.
What are the advantages of using this technology:
Limit generation, storage, and encryption keys
Platform device authentication
Platform integrity
For Starting we can do these steps:
Open VMware and go to Edit virtual machine
in the menu virtual Machine Setting in tab Optionsfind advance
When you click on Advance in Right menu you have UEFI
under that you can find Enable secure boot and you can check mark it
These steps were first setting, now let’s go next setting and next steps
Again, go to Edit virtual machine
in tab Optionsfind Access Control
in Right menu, we have Change Password
we can assign a password
These steps were second setting, now let’s go last setting and next steps
go to Edit virtual machine
At the end of this menu, we have the button Add…
when you click on it, you can add Trusted Platform Module
when you add, you can see Trusted Platform Is Present
Congratulation you done and you added TPM on VMware for your virtual machine
In this course of Linux commands, we will introduce How to Create Users in Linux (useradd Command). We start tutorial by mentioning the structure and example. In Linux, the adduser command is for creating a user. There are several commands and methods to create a user in Linux, such as useradd, adduser. One of the features of the Linux operating system is multi-user support.
It is possible to create different users and separate groups by specifying the access level for each user or group in Linux. The two commands adduser and useradd work similarly and both commands have the same behavior.
adduser–system [options] [–home DIR] [–shell SHELL] [–no-create-home] [–uid ID] [–group | –ingroup GROUP | –gid ID][–disabled-password] [–disabled-login] [–gecos GECOS] user
when we try to create user, we have these questions:
Username: The username or login name should be between 1 to 32 characters.
Password: password save in /etc/shadow file in an encrypted format
User ID (UID): The user id is 1004. (“0” is for root user)
Group ID (GID): The group id is “1004” and save in directory “/etc/group”
User Info: information like Full name, Room Number, Work Phone, Home phone, Other
Home Directory: path is “/home/username”
Shell: user is “/bin/bash”
The Sudo utility allows users to run programs while using the security privileges of another user, usually root (superuser). The function of Sudo is like “run as” in Windows system.
Steps to set up and run Sudo (to run all commands as administrator). If the system is not already configured and enabled to use Sudo, changes must be made so that a non-root user can manage the system.
• In the command line, enter the command :
> su
You will be prompted for the root password.
Create username:
> adduser <user_name> sudo
> Sudo adduser user1
You can find other learning for Linux by clicking here.
It is a powerful hypervisor that we can install directly on a physical server. It has extremely high control over hardware resources and can effectively partition hardware to consolidate applications and reduce costs.
Hypervisors help a lot with better results in business management and information technology savings to achieve modern technology and optimal use of existing hardware resources. Due to the prohibitive cost of hardware resources, with the help of hypervisors, we can make the most of the available resources by dividing them and assigning them to several operating systems. With Hypervisors’ help, we can share existing hardware to use higher capacity, which increases performance, and we can also centralize IT management and simplify its control.
ESXi, formerly known as ESX, is a type 1 hypervisor developed by VMware and It use to provide the service of virtual operating systems. In fact, ESXi is not a program that we install on an operating system, but we can use it to integrate the critical components of operating systems, in other words, we can use several operation systems and install and run them at the same time.
As you know, hypervisors allow us to install an unlimited number of virtual machines (depending on the hardware) and one of the best of these is ESXI. In this tutorial, we are going to teach how to install ESXi on VMware.
What we can learn in this tutorial:
Our method is fast training so that maximum learning can be done in minimum time.
It is an intrusion method that hackers use to find open entrances or network weaknesses. Through this attack, they find open ports in the system and can send or receive information. They can make sure that firewalls are active or inactive by cyber-attack on ports scanning.
They send a packet to a port and in the message that they receive, they can determine whether the port is active or inactive and whether there is a weak point to enter the system or not. Network administrators inform about the vulnerability of the network system in companies and organizations by scanning the ports and take action to secure those ports.
we can use Applications like (Nmap) and Netcat check the security of the network. During port scanning, we can get information about running services, users, unknown intrusions and much more.
With port scanning we can find which ports are open on the network and they can receive or send data. We can also send a special packet to a certain port to identify the vulnerability of that port. Its purpose is to identify IP addresses, hosts, and ports.
After a full network scan, we can enable unauthorized access. IT managers use this process to investigate vulnerabilities and by cybercriminals for sabotage. The scan results can determine the network security levels.
All ports assigned by port numbers, and they range from zero through to 65,536 and ranked in terms of popularity. Ports numbered 0 to 1,023 are called “well-known”, these ports assigned by the IANA. IANA is an Internet Assigned Numbers Authority.
In this part, we try it with Kali Linux:
for this learning we have three virtual machines, and we test with them: Debian, CentOS, Windows
In this tutorial we want to install DNS on Windows Server, but before that, we ask What is DNS and Why do we use it?
What is DNS and Why do we use it?
The DNS system is a process for addressing a domain name to an IP address. Since it is difficult to remember the IP, we can use this process to consider a name for each address, and when we type the domain name, the IP address will call automatically.
Domain name servers or DNS contain a database that stores all public domains and their corresponding IP addresses. DNS translates domain names to IP addresses. For example, whenever you type google.com on your browser, your request first goes to the DNS servers and by the DNS servers, that name translate into an IP address and through it, it connects to the website server and in Finally, you can see the website in your browser.
Sometimes, when you send a request to the DNS, it may not be able to find the IP address of the desired website, in this case, the first level DNS sends a request to the root level and asks for the IP address, and if from that level No results receive too, the request will send for the top-level domain (TLD).
Usually, the first level of request will be sent to Internet Service Providers (ISP).
Why do we use it?
We use this process for all devices connected to the Internet and it is particularly important to work with the Internet. Usually, you don’t need to worry about this or do anything special, because the ISP automatically translates DNS server address by the ISP for you.
